Apple M2 Pro and M2 Max analysis - GPU is more efficient, the CPU not always

Furthermore, the graphics cards also benefit from a higher number of cores as well as higher clock speeds of 1.4 GHz. The M2 Pro has 16 or 19 GPU cores and the M2 Max has 32 or 38 cores. The slimmed-down M2 Pro chip is only available in the base model of the smaller MacBook Pro 14. Apple have increased the maximum amount of RAM from 64 to 96 GB (LPDDR5-6400) - but only in the M2 Max. The M2 Pro is limited to 32 GB RAM.

Aside from the base model of the M2 Pro, the CPU performances are practically identical - which we were already able to determine in our reviews of the MacBook Pro 14 2023 and the MacBook Pro 16 2023. The big difference lies in the graphics performance. We will now check the performance of the new Apple SoCs, as well as compare them to processors and graphics cards from AMD, Intel and Nvidia.

Additionally, we will analyse the efficiency - however, Apple has made this a little harder with the new M2 models, as the integrated PowerMetrics function doesn't show the chips' package power anymore (this also applies to tools such as Asitop or MX Power Gadget). Instead, only the true consumption of the CPU and GPU is shown. As a result, we will be using the Cinebench R23 benchmark on an external monitor to compare efficiencies, so that the integrated panel can be excluded as an influencing factor. With the graphics card, we will be using the true GPU consumption in the 3DMark Wild Life Extreme Unlimited benchmark to compare between Apple products, as well as the game The Witcher 3 to compare them with Windows devices. More on this later. 

Apple advertize an enhanced processing performance of up to 20% - however, this is not for single-core performance. We were able to identify an enhanced performance of 6-8% compared to the old M1 Pro and M1 Max CPUs - but this can solely be put down to the higher clock speeds. Compared to the last generation, the M2 Pro and the M2 Max show a clear advantage over the regular M2 processors in the MacBook Pro 13 and the MacBook Air.

Energy consumption under single-core load has risen ever so slightly, but this varies from chip to chip. For example, both M2 Pro models are slightly more efficient compared to the old M1 Pro, whereas the M2 Max falls behind when compared to the old M1. The differences may look quite big here, but you have to remember that we are talking about a range between 4-6 watts, which really isn't much in the bigger scheme of things.

Thanks to the increase in single-core performance, Apple were able to almost completely close the gap between them and Intel, although this varied depending on the test. In the Geekbench test, the Apple SoC performed extremely well and even beat the newest Raptor Lake Core i7-1360P by 10%. In the Cinebench R23 test, however, the M2 Pro and M2 Max remained on par with the previous Alder Lake CPU, and the new Raptor Lake i7 came out on top by 15% - thanks to its higher single-core turbo. Apple triumphed over the old AMD Ryzen 7 6800U with Zen 3+ cores, although this could change soon enough with the release of the Zen 4 models.

When it comes to single-core efficiency and compared to AMD and Intel, Apple were the clear winners with their M2 Pro by a mile. The M2 Max's result was seemingly much worse than that of the M2 Pro - however, since we are dealing with quite a low calibre when it comes to the Apple chips' performance under single-core load, the smaller additional consumption became much more noticeable here.

Intel were able to slightly improve their single-core efficiency with their new Raptor Lake Core i7, but this still falls short compared to AMD's Zen 3+ chips. 

All the new M2 Pro and M2 Max SoCs have received two additional power-efficiency cores, which have of course had a positive impact on multi-core performance. In everyday use, the two additional cores also help make the chip more efficient, as the fast and energy-draining performance cores don't have to be used as often. Moreover, the results of the multi-core tests were significantly better and in the best-case scenario, the two additional cores in combination with the previously mentioned optimisations led to a 20% improvement in multi-core performance compared to the old M1 Pro and M1 Max. The new base model of the M2 Pro with 10 cores lies 23% ahead of the old M1 Pro with 8 cores (Cinebench R23) and 5% behind the old M1 Pro/M1 Max with 10 cores. Both new chips with 12 cores are 25% faster than the base model M2 Pro. 

Of course, the additional cores and higher clock rates also increase energy consumption compared to the M1 Pro when all cores are in use. This shows that the new chips don't really offer much improvement, as the efficiency sank in the multi-core tests. As expected, the M2 Max with the largest amount of RAM did the worst within the Apple lineup, but also the M2 Pro with 12 cores fell behind its predecessor.

With the entry-level M2 Pro with 10 cores, the maximum energy consumption rose to around 28 watts (M1 Pro with 8 cores: 21 watts) - the bigger 12-core model had a consumption of around 34 watts (M1 Pro with 10 cores: 27 watts) and the M2 Max had a consumption of around 34-36 watts (M1 Max: 29 watts). Without taking that next step in the production process, Apple simply cannot magic up lower energy consumption, considering the two additional cores as well as the higher clock rates.

Thanks to the chips' increased performance, Apple were able to set themselves apart from their competitors in the multi-core tests. In the Geekbench test, the M2 chips showed extremely good performance in any case - but they also performed well in the Cinebench R23 test. The Apple chip only had to admit defeat to the Core i7-12700H in the Schenker Vision 14 - which, however, also uses more energy (60/40 watts). Therefore, Apple shouldn't be afraid of the new Core i7-1360P from Intel's newest Raptor Lake generation (despite higher consumption).

AMD's Zen 3+ chips were also defeated by Apple in the multi-core tests, but this could change with the coming Zen 4 chips.

Due to the M2 Max's lower multi-core efficiency at maximum load, the chip fell behind the Ryzen 7 Pro 6850U. The M2 Pro was still able to keep its head above the water, but the Zen 4 CPUs of the U-series at the latest should offer much better efficiency and therefore trump Apple's ARM SoCs. Intel currently sits at the bottom of the efficiency scores.

Out of interest, we ran the new Ryzen 9 7945HX (Zen 4, 5 nm) at 35 watts and the results were 16,872 points in the Cinebench R23 multi-test - so the AMD chip is more efficient than the M2 Pro.

We already saw that Apple seemingly changed more when taking a look at the normal M2-SoC, as the efficiency also improved along with its greater performance. In total, the M2 Pro and the M2 Max now have four different iGPUs- the M2 Pro has 6 or 19 GPU cores and the M2 Max has 32 or 38 GPU cores.

The new base GPU with 16 cores was around 20% faster in the Wild Life Extreme Unlimited test compared to the old base model and 8% faster than the old 16-core GPU of the M1 Pro. The version with 19 cores was once again 16% faster, which is 18% behind the old M1 Max GPU with 24 cores.

As it stands, we don't yet have benchmarks for the new M2 Max with 32 cores, but we will add these as soon as possible. The super-fast M2 Max GPU with 38 cores is 24% ahead of the old top-of-the-range M1 Max with 32 GPU cores.

Determining the energy consumption of Apple's iGPUs is no mean feat, and especially with the M2 Max (as it was with the M1 Max) it is not easy to even push the iGPU to its maximum load for an extended period of time. In the following table, we have listed all the energy consumption figures. We were able to determine the highest energy consumption of the iGPUs using the Novabench test - this wasn't possible using any other test.

Taking a glance at efficiency, we will start with the M2 Pro 16C, whose higher performance is basically cancelled out by its higher consumption - ultimately, its efficiency is identical to that of the M1 Pro GPU with 16 cores. The new 19-core model is, however, 6% more efficient.

Most impressive is the new M2 Max GPU with 38 cores - in our Wild Life Extreme Unlimited test it improved by 14%. Thus, this confirms our results from the M2 analysis and it seems that Apple have changed more than just the number of cores in their iGPUs.

Compared with its Windows competitors, the M2 Max GPU also manages to keep the new GeForce RTX 4070 laptop in check, which is quite an impressive feat considering its much lower energy intake. On the flip side, both M2 Pro GPUs sit between the GeForce RTX 3050 Ti and the new RTX 4050 laptop - also a good result.

Comparing efficiencies is not the easiest, as we usually only measure the energy consumption of Windows devices using The Witcher 3. With the tool CrossOver, we can manage to run The Witcher 3 on the Mac (very well in fact), so we can measure its energy consumption here too. The results are still not 100% comparable though, since we had to deactivate HBAO+ and Nvidia HairWorks on the Mac. If you take into account the fact that this game isn't optimized for Apple SoCs and how well the Apple-native Resident Evil runs, we can only hope that more games are released in future for Apple's processors specifically.

Looking at energy consumption rates, Apple GPUs lie well ahead of their competitors - even the new RTX 40 models don't stand a chance.