ARM Mali-G78 MP14 vs PowerVR GX6450 vs PowerVR GX6250

ARM Mali-G78 MP14

The ARM Mali-G78MP14 is an integrated high-end graphics card for ARM based SoCs (mostly Android based). It was introduced late 2020 in the Samsung Exynos 2100 (e.g. Galaxy S21). It integrates 14 of the 24 possible cores and is based on the second generation of the Valhal architecture. According to ARM it offers two new features: asynchronous top level and fragment dependency tracking.

The graphics card is one of the fastest in Android devices of 2020 and therefore able to run all games fluently.

The GPU supports all modern graphics APIs like OpenGL ES 3.2, Vulkan 1.1 and OpenCL 2.0.

PowerVR GX6450

The Imagination Technologies PowerVR GX6450 is a fast mobile graphics solution for smartphones and tablets, which can be found in ARM SoCs such as the Apple A8 (iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus). The chip is available since Q3/2014 and of one of the fastest solutions in its class at the time of introduction.

Architecture and Performance

The GPU is based on the PowerVR Series 6XT (Rogue) Unified Shader architecture and integrates four clusters with two TMUs and 32 FP32-ALUs each. Therefore, the theoretical FP32 (full precision) compute performance per clock is identical to the previous G6430 (also 4 clusters) found in the Apple A7. Thanks to additional dedicated FP16-ALUs, however, the also important FP16 (half precision) performance has been greatly improved.

In the iPhone 6, the GPU should be clocked at around 450 MHz, delivering about 115 GLOPS (FP32). Compared to other mobile graphics solutions, the GX6450 outperforms the Qualcomm Adreno 330 (Snapdragon 800/801) and matches the more recent Adreno 420 (Snapdragon 805). Except for Nvidia's power hungry tablet chip Tegra K1 and its bigger cousin GX6650, the GX6450 is one of the fastest mobile GPUs in late 2014. Even the most advanced games and high resolution displays are handled without any problems. Among others, the GPU supports OpenGL 3.x/4.x, OpenGL ES 3.0 as well as DirectX 10.

Power Consumption

Thanks to the advanced 20-nanometer process and the relatively low clock rate, the GX6450 implementation in Apple's A8 offers a very high energy efficiency. On the other hand, the GPU has a comparatively "wide" architecture requirering a lot of transistors and die size (19 mm² in 20 nm).

PowerVR GX6250

The PowerVR GX6250 from Imagination Technologies is a mobile graphics card for ARM based SoCs. It is usually used in Android based laptops and smartphones. It was first announced in the MediaTek MT8173 in mid 2014. The performance should be in the higher middle class of mobile GPUs.

The graphics card is part of the series 6XT (Rogue) of GPUs and offers a unified shader architecture with two clusters, two TMUs and 32 FP32-ALUs. The GPU supports OpenGL 3.x/4.x, OpenGL ES 3.x and DirectX 10.

In the MT8173 the GPU is clocked at 700 MHz and therefore the performance should be similar to the Adreno 330. Therefore, even demanding games of 2014 should run fluently.