Notebookcheck Logo

Intel Core i5-7440HQ vs Intel Pentium Gold 4425Y vs Intel Core i7-7560U

Intel Core i5-7440HQ

► remove from comparison Intel i5-7440HQ

The Intel Core i5-7440HQ is a quad-core processor for notebooks based on the Kaby Lake architecture and was announced in January 2017. Compared to the faster Core i7 models, the Core i5 does not support Hyper Threading and has lower clocks. The CPU cores run at 2.8 - 3.8 GHz (4 cores up to 3.4, 2 cores up to 3.6 GHz). The processor is also equipped with the HD Graphics 630 GPU as well as a dual-channel memory controller (DDR3L-1600/DDR4-2400). It is manufactured in a 14nm process with FinFET transistors.

Architecture

Intel basically uses the same micro architecture compared to Skylake, so the per-MHz performance does not differ. The manufacturer only reworked the Speed Shift technology for faster dynamic adjustments of voltages and clocks, and the improved 14nm process allows much higher frequencies combined with better efficiency than before.

Performance

Due to the higher clock speeds, the performance of the i5-7440HQ is clearly faster than the old Core i5-6440HQ with 2.6 - 3.5 GHz. The performance is therefore sufficient even for demanding tasks.

Graphics

The integrated Intel HD Graphics 630 has 24 Execution Units (similar to previous HD Graphics 530) running at 350 - 1000 MHz (i7 models up to 1100). The performance depends a lot on the memory configuration; it should be comparable to a dedicated Nvidia GeForce 920M in combination with fast DDR4-2133 dual-channel memory.

Contrary to Skylake, Kaby Lake now supports hardware decoding for H.265/HEVC Main 10 with a 10-bit color depth as well as Google's VP9 codec. The dual-core Kaby Lake processors, which were announced in January, should also support HDCP 2.2.

Power Consumption

The chip is manufactured in an improved 14nm process with FinFET transistors, which improves the efficiency even further. Intel still specifies the TDP with 45 Watts, but it can also be reduced to 35 Watts by the notebook manufacturers (cTDP down). This will obviously affect the performance, because the Turbo Boost cannot be maintained for longer periods.

Intel Pentium Gold 4425Y

► remove from comparison Intel Pentium 4425Y

The Intel Pentium Gold 4425Y is a low power entry level processor for small laptops or tablets and based on the Kaby Lake architecture. It was announced in Q1 2019 and offers two processor cores clocked at 1.7 GHz (no Turbo Boost). Thanks to Hyper Threading, the processor can execute up to four threads simultaneously. The chips also includes the Intel HD Graphics 615 GPU, a dual-channel memory controller (DDR3L/LPDDR3) as well as VP9 and H.265 video de- and encoder. It is still produced in a 14 nm process with FinFET transistors. Compared to the much faster Core m3-7Y30, the Pentium 4425 offers no Turbo Boost, different CPU and GPU clock speeds, a smaller L3 cache and a higher TDP of 6 Watt. Compared to the predecessor Pentium Gold 4415Y from 2017, the Pentium Gold 4425Y is clocked 100 MHz higher (the CPU cores).

Architecture

Intel basically used the familiar micro architecture from the Skylake generation, so the per-MHz performance is identical. Only the Speed-Shift technology for faster dynamic adjustments of the voltages and clocks was improved, and the matured 14 nm process now also enables much higher frequencies and better efficiency than before. 

Performance

Due to the missing Turbo Boost, the Pentium 4425Y offers a significantly worse single thread performance than the more expensive Core m3-7Y30. This should be noticeable in daily tasks. Compared to older CPUs, the Pentium Gold should match a Core i3-4100U (100 MHz higher clock speed but older architecture).

Graphics

The integrated Intel HD Graphics 615 GPU has 24 Execution Units (EUs) like the old HD Graphics 515 and runs with clocks between 300 and 850 MHz in combination with this processor. The performance heavily depends on the TDP limit as well as the memory configuration; with fast LPDDR3-1866 RAM in dual-channel mode, the GPU should sometimes be able to compete with the HD Graphics 520, but can also be much slower in other scenarios. Modern games from 2016 will, if at all, only run smoothly in the lowest settings.

Contrary to Skylake, Kaby Lake now also supports hardware decoding for H.265/HEVC Main10 with a 10-bit color depth as well as Google's VP9 codec.

Power Consumption

The chip is manufactured in an improved 14 nm process with FinFET transistors, so the power efficiency was once again improved significantly. The TDP is rated at 6 Watt and can be reduced to 4,5 Watt (cTDP down).

Intel Core i7-7560U

► remove from comparison Intel i7-7560U

The Intel Core i7-7560U is a fast dual-core SoC for notebooks and Ultrabooks based on the Kaby Lake architecture and was announced in January 2017. The CPU has two processor cores clocked at 2.4-3.8 GHz (two cores up to 3.7 GHz). The processor can execute up to four threads simultaneously thanks to Hyper Threading. It is also equipped with an Intel Iris Plus Graphics 640 GPU with 64 MB eDRAM, a dual-channel memory controller (DDR4) as well as VP9 and H.265 video decoding as well as encoding. The chip is still manufactured in a 14nm process with FinFET transistors.

Compared to the Core i7-7500U, the 7560 does have a higher single-core Turbo of 3.8 GHz (+300 MHz) and a higher dual-core Turbo (+200 MHz). The base frequency is lower (-300 MHz), but the CPU part can also use the 64 MB eDRAM as L5 cache.

Architecture

Intel basically uses the same micro architecture compared to Skylake, so the per-MHz performance does not differ. The manufacturer only reworked the Speed Shift technology for faster dynamic adjustments of voltages and clocks, and the improved 14nm process allows much higher frequencies combined with better efficiency than before.

Performance

At 2.4-3.8 GHz, the Core i7-7560U has a slightly lower frequency (except for the single-core Turbo) compared to the Core i7-7600U, but the CPU part can also use the 64 MB eDRAM, so the performance should be similar.

Graphics

The integrated Intel Iris Plus 640 Graphics is the GT3e model of the Kaby Lake GPU (Intel Gen. 9.5). It has 48 Execution Units running at 300-1050 MHz and the performance is comparable to a GeForce 920MX thanks to fast eDRAM cache. However, there aren't any significant improvements compared to the old Iris Pro 540, so modern games can often not be played smoothly or only at the lowest or medium settings, respectively.

Contrary to Skylake, Kaby lake now also supports H.265/HEVC Main 10 with a 10-bit color depth as well as Google's VP9 codec. The dual-core Kaby Lake processors announced in January should also support HDCP 2.2.

Power Consumption

The chip is manufactured in an improved 14nm process with FinFET transistors, which improves the efficiency even further. Intel still specifies the TDP with 15 Watts, which is typical for ULV chips. Depending on the usage scenario, the TDP can vary between 7.5 (cTDP Down) and 25 Watts.

ModelIntel Core i5-7440HQIntel Pentium Gold 4425YIntel Core i7-7560U
SeriesIntel Kaby LakeIntel Kaby LakeIntel Kaby Lake
CodenameKaby LakeKaby LakeKaby Lake
Series: Kaby Lake Kaby Lake
Intel Core i7-7700K4.2 - 4.5 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-77003.6 - 4.2 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Xeon E3-1535M v63.1 - 4.2 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7920HQ3.1 - 4.1 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7700T2.9 - 3.8 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7600K3.8 - 4.2 GHz4 / 4 cores8 MB L3
Intel Xeon E3-1505M v63 - 4 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7820HQ2.9 - 3.9 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7820HK2.9 - 3.9 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7700HQ2.8 - 3.8 GHz4 / 8 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-75003.4 - 3.8 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7440HQ « 2.8 - 3.8 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7567U3.5 - 4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7660U2.5 - 4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7600U2.8 - 3.9 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7300HQ2.5 - 3.5 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7500T2.7 - 3.3 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7287U3.3 - 3.7 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7560U2.4 - 3.8 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7267U3.1 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7360U2.3 - 3.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7500U2.7 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7300U2.6 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7260U2.2 - 3.4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7200U2.5 - 3.1 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7100H3 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7167U2.8 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7Y751.3 - 3.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7Y571.2 - 3.3 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7Y541.2 - 3.2 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7100U2.4 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core m3-7Y321 - 3 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4415U2.3 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Core m3-7Y301 - 2.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3965U2.2 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7020U2.3 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3867U1.8 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3865U1.8 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4425Y1.7 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4415Y1.6 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4410Y1.5 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3965Y1.5 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7700K4.2 - 4.5 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-77003.6 - 4.2 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Xeon E3-1535M v63.1 - 4.2 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7920HQ3.1 - 4.1 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7700T2.9 - 3.8 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7600K3.8 - 4.2 GHz4 / 4 cores8 MB L3
Intel Xeon E3-1505M v63 - 4 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7820HQ2.9 - 3.9 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7820HK2.9 - 3.9 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7700HQ2.8 - 3.8 GHz4 / 8 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-75003.4 - 3.8 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7440HQ2.8 - 3.8 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7567U3.5 - 4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7660U2.5 - 4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7600U2.8 - 3.9 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7300HQ2.5 - 3.5 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7500T2.7 - 3.3 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7287U3.3 - 3.7 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7560U2.4 - 3.8 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7267U3.1 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7360U2.3 - 3.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7500U2.7 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7300U2.6 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7260U2.2 - 3.4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7200U2.5 - 3.1 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7100H3 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7167U2.8 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7Y751.3 - 3.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7Y571.2 - 3.3 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7Y541.2 - 3.2 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7100U2.4 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core m3-7Y321 - 3 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4415U2.3 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Core m3-7Y301 - 2.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3965U2.2 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7020U2.3 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3867U1.8 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3865U1.8 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4425Y « 1.7 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4415Y1.6 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4410Y1.5 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3965Y1.5 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7700K4.2 - 4.5 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-77003.6 - 4.2 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Xeon E3-1535M v63.1 - 4.2 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7920HQ3.1 - 4.1 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7700T2.9 - 3.8 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7600K3.8 - 4.2 GHz4 / 4 cores8 MB L3
Intel Xeon E3-1505M v63 - 4 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7820HQ2.9 - 3.9 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7820HK2.9 - 3.9 GHz4 / 8 cores8 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7700HQ2.8 - 3.8 GHz4 / 8 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-75003.4 - 3.8 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7440HQ2.8 - 3.8 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7567U3.5 - 4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7660U2.5 - 4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7600U2.8 - 3.9 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7300HQ2.5 - 3.5 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7500T2.7 - 3.3 GHz4 / 4 cores6 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7287U3.3 - 3.7 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7560U « 2.4 - 3.8 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7267U3.1 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7360U2.3 - 3.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7500U2.7 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7300U2.6 - 3.5 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7260U2.2 - 3.4 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7200U2.5 - 3.1 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7100H3 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7167U2.8 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core i7-7Y751.3 - 3.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7Y571.2 - 3.3 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i5-7Y541.2 - 3.2 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7100U2.4 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Core m3-7Y321 - 3 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4415U2.3 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Core m3-7Y301 - 2.6 GHz2 / 4 cores4 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3965U2.2 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Core i3-7020U2.3 GHz2 / 4 cores3 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3867U1.8 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3865U1.8 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4425Y1.7 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4415Y1.6 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Pentium Gold 4410Y1.5 GHz2 / 4 cores2 MB L3
Intel Celeron 3965Y1.5 GHz2 / 2 cores2 MB L3
Clock2800 - 3800 MHz1700 MHz2400 - 3800 MHz
L1 Cache256 KB128 KB128 KB
L2 Cache1 MB512 KB512 KB
L3 Cache6 MB2 MB4 MB
Cores / Threads4 / 42 / 42 / 4
TDP45 Watt6 Watt15 Watt
Technology14 nm14 nm14 nm
max. Temp.100 °C100 °C100 °C
FeaturesDual-Channel DDR4 Memory Controller, HyperThreading, AVX, AVX2, Quick Sync, Virtualization, AES-NIDual-Channel DDR3L-1600/LPDDR3-1866 Memory Controller, HyperThreading, AVX, AVX2, Quick Sync, Virtualization, AES-NI, TXTDual-Channel DDR4 Memory Controller, HyperThreading, AVX, AVX2, Quick Sync, Virtualization, AES-NI
iGPUIntel HD Graphics 630 (300 - 1000 MHz)Intel UHD Graphics 615 (300 - 850 MHz)Intel Iris Plus Graphics 640 (300 - 1050 MHz)
Architecturex86x86x86
$250 U.S.$161 U.S.$415 U.S.
Announced
SocketFCBGA1515BGA1356
Manufacturerark.intel.com

Benchmarks

Cinebench R23 - Cinebench R23 Multi Core
964 Points (1%)
Cinebench R23 - Cinebench R23 Single Core
388 Points (17%)
Cinebench R20 - Cinebench R20 CPU (Single Core)
146.2 Points (16%)
Cinebench R20 - Cinebench R20 CPU (Multi Core)
324 Points (1%)
Cinebench R15 - Cinebench R15 CPU Multi 64 Bit
554 Points (3%)
164.5 Points (1%)
336 Points (2%)
Cinebench R15 - Cinebench R15 CPU Single 64 Bit
158 Points (48%)
66.6 Points (20%)
153 Points (46%)
wPrime 2.10 - wPrime 2.0 1024m *
318.9 s (4%)
wPrime 2.10 - wPrime 2.0 32m *
10.2 s (2%)
7-Zip 18.03 - 7-Zip 18.03 Multli Thread 4 runs
4856 MIPS (3%)
7-Zip 18.03 - 7-Zip 18.03 Single Thread 4 runs
1854 MIPS (22%)
X264 HD Benchmark 4.0 - x264 Pass 2
36 fps (13%)
X264 HD Benchmark 4.0 - x264 Pass 1
182 fps (42%)
HWBOT x265 Benchmark v2.2 - HWBOT x265 4k Preset
1.1 fps (2%)
R Benchmark 2.5 - R Benchmark 2.5 *
1.7 sec (37%)
Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 1M - Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 1M *
9.9 s (2%)
Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 2M - Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 2M *
25.6 s (1%)
Super Pi Mod 1.5 XS 32M - Super Pi mod 1.5 XS 32M *
524 s (2%)
3DMark 11 - 3DM11 Performance Physics
6583 Points (18%)
4693 Points (13%)
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Physics
52071 Points (42%)
19606 Points (16%)
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Extreme Physics
51726 Points (42%)
19875 Points (16%)
3DMark - 3DMark Ice Storm Unlimited Physics
22692 Points (19%)
51358 Points (43%)
3DMark - 3DMark Cloud Gate Physics
5243 Points (13%)
1860 Points (5%)
3651 Points (9%)
3DMark - 3DMark Fire Strike Standard Physics
7343 Points (13%)
2651 Points (5%)
5649 Points (10%)
3DMark - 3DMark Time Spy CPU
1857 Points (8%)
Geekbench 6.2 - Geekbench 6.2 Single-Core
372 Points (11%)
Geekbench 6.2 - Geekbench 6.2 Multi-Core
763 Points (3%)
Geekbench 5.5 - Geekbench 5.1 - 5.4 64 Bit Single-Core
423 Points (18%)
Geekbench 5.5 - Geekbench 5.1 - 5.4 64 Bit Multi-Core
983 Points (2%)
Geekbench 4.4 - Geekbench 4.1 - 4.4 64 Bit Single-Core
2160 Points (22%)
Geekbench 4.4 - Geekbench 4.1 - 4.4 64 Bit Multi-Core
4330 Points (5%)
Mozilla Kraken 1.1 - Kraken 1.1 Total Score *
2569 ms (3%)
997 ms (1%)
Octane V2 - Octane V2 Total Score
17217 Points (15%)
36944 Points (33%)
WebXPRT 4 - WebXPRT 4 Score
58.1 Points (17%)
WebXPRT 3 - WebXPRT 3 Score
79.2 Points (17%)
CrossMark - CrossMark Overall
320 Points (12%)

Average Benchmarks Intel Core i5-7440HQ → 100% n=4

Average Benchmarks Intel Pentium Gold 4425Y → 36% n=4

Average Benchmarks Intel Core i7-7560U → 76% n=4

- Range of benchmark values for this graphics card
- Average benchmark values for this graphics card
* Smaller numbers mean a higher performance
1 This benchmark is not used for the average calculation

v1.26
log 28. 19:11:24

#0 checking url part for id 8416 +0s ... 0s

#1 checking url part for id 11316 +0s ... 0s

#2 checking url part for id 8420 +0s ... 0s

#3 not redirecting to Ajax server +0s ... 0s

#4 did not recreate cache, as it is less than 5 days old! Created at Thu, 28 Mar 2024 05:35:32 +0100 +0.001s ... 0.001s

#5 composed specs +0.04s ... 0.041s

#6 did output specs +0s ... 0.041s

#7 getting avg benchmarks for device 8416 +0.003s ... 0.044s

#8 got single benchmarks 8416 +0.013s ... 0.056s

#9 getting avg benchmarks for device 11316 +0.002s ... 0.059s

#10 got single benchmarks 11316 +0.008s ... 0.067s

#11 getting avg benchmarks for device 8420 +0.003s ... 0.069s

#12 got single benchmarks 8420 +0.008s ... 0.078s

#13 got avg benchmarks for devices +0s ... 0.078s

#14 min, max, avg, median took s +0.165s ... 0.243s

#15 return log +0s ... 0.243s

Please share our article, every link counts!
> Expert Reviews and News on Laptops, Smartphones and Tech Innovations > Benchmarks / Tech > Processor Comparison - Head 2 Head
Redaktion, 2017-09- 8 (Update: 2023-07- 1)